Atomic structure is the study of the arrangement of atoms within a material or substance. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Understanding the atomic structure of a material is essential in many fields of science, including chemistry, physics, and materials science. Researchers in this area study how atoms are arranged in different materials, how they bond with each other, and how their structure affects the properties and behavior of the material. Techniques such as X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy are commonly used to analyze atomic structure.